Immunotherapy Biomarkers are measurable biological indicators that help predict, monitor, and optimize responses to immune-based treatments across cancer, infectious diseases, and immune-mediated conditions. As immunotherapies expand in scope and complexity, biomarkers play a critical role in identifying who is most likely to benefit, how responses evolve over time, and when treatment strategies should be adapted. This session examines how biomarker discovery and validation strengthen precision immunology and improve clinical decision-making.

The effectiveness of immunotherapy varies widely among individuals due to differences in immune status, disease biology, and treatment context. Biomarkers help explain this variability by capturing immune activity, tumor–immune interactions, and molecular signatures associated with response or resistance. These advances are frequently discussed at leading Immunology Conferences, where researchers and clinicians explore how biomarker-driven approaches refine patient selection and reduce unnecessary exposure to ineffective therapies. This session highlights how integrating biomarker data enhances both efficacy and safety of immune-based interventions.

A major focus of this session is immune response indicators, which include cellular markers, soluble factors, genetic signatures, and functional immune assays. Such indicators provide insight into immune activation, suppression, and memory formation before and during therapy. This session explores how baseline biomarkers inform treatment planning, while dynamic biomarkers track response, durability, and emerging resistance. Emphasis is placed on the importance of assay standardization and clinical relevance to ensure biomarkers translate effectively from research to practice.

Beyond individual care, immunotherapy biomarkers contribute to clinical trial design, regulatory evaluation, and health system efficiency. Biomarker-informed trials enable adaptive designs, improved endpoint selection, and more efficient resource use. The session also addresses challenges such as biomarker validation, data integration, and ethical use of biological data. By linking immunological measurement with therapeutic strategy, this session provides a comprehensive view of how biomarkers accelerate innovation and support evidence-based immunotherapy.

Participants engaging with this session will gain insight into current biomarker categories, translational pathways, and future directions in immune monitoring. The knowledge shared supports precision treatment, advances clinical research, and strengthens the integration of biomarkers into routine immunological care.